Osteopathy is a diagnostic and therapeutic system that is founded in the late 19th century and often seen as the origin of Western manual medicine. It is based on the premise that the primary role of the practitioner is to facilitate the body's innate ability to heal itself. The basic concept in osteopathic philosophy is that the structure and function of the body are interrelated and that problems in one organ affect other organ systems.
Osteopathic philosophy was developed by 19th century American physician and surgeon Andrew Taylor Still, who believed that the body has the innate ability to heal itself. He advocated unobstructed movement in aspects of the body such as fluids, tissues, and joints. Still believed that in both health and sickness, the neuro-musculoskeletal system interacts with the rest of the body, including the organs. Like the chain reaction of dominoes, when part of the structure is altered, abnormalities in other systems (the circulatory, lymph, and nervous) can occur, thus resulting in disease.
Because of the close association between the spinal vertebrae and the autonomic nervous system via the sympathetic trunk and ganglia, the neuromuscular system is regarded to play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis. This association is believed to be one mechanism in which changes in the musculoskeletal system can affect other organs (somatovisceral reflex), or vice versa whereby visceral pathology can manifest as abnormalities in musculoskeletal tissue texture and intervertebral joint motion (viscerosomatic reflex). These abnormalities are known as "somatic dysfunctions" and can be useful aides in the physical diagnosis of both musculoskeletal and visceral disease.
Osteopathic philosophy was developed by 19th century American physician and surgeon Andrew Taylor Still, who believed that the body has the innate ability to heal itself. He advocated unobstructed movement in aspects of the body such as fluids, tissues, and joints. Still believed that in both health and sickness, the neuro-musculoskeletal system interacts with the rest of the body, including the organs. Like the chain reaction of dominoes, when part of the structure is altered, abnormalities in other systems (the circulatory, lymph, and nervous) can occur, thus resulting in disease.
Because of the close association between the spinal vertebrae and the autonomic nervous system via the sympathetic trunk and ganglia, the neuromuscular system is regarded to play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis. This association is believed to be one mechanism in which changes in the musculoskeletal system can affect other organs (somatovisceral reflex), or vice versa whereby visceral pathology can manifest as abnormalities in musculoskeletal tissue texture and intervertebral joint motion (viscerosomatic reflex). These abnormalities are known as "somatic dysfunctions" and can be useful aides in the physical diagnosis of both musculoskeletal and visceral disease.
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